Papers

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Publications

Last updated 2026-05-07 · data via OpenAlex

100 papers

Using LLMs to Identify Indicators of Persistence from Students' Dialogues with a Pedagogical Agent

Teresa Ober, Shan Zhang, Zapata-Rivera, Diego, Noah L. Schroeder, Anthony F. Botelho

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)2026

Open Access

Using LLMs to Identify Indicators of Persistence from Students' Dialogues with a Pedagogical Agent

Teresa Ober, Shan Zhang, Zapata-Rivera, Diego, Noah L. Schroeder, Anthony F. Botelho

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)2026

Open Access

Fine-Tuning A Large Language Model for Systematic Review Screening

Kweku Yamoah, Noah L. Schroeder, Emmanuel Dorley, Neha Rani, Caleb Schutz

arXiv (Cornell University)2026

Open Access

Fine-Tuning A Large Language Model for Systematic Review Screening

Kweku Yamoah, Noah L. Schroeder, Emmanuel Dorley, Neha Rani, Caleb Schutz

ArXiv.org2026

Open Access

Interactive Evidence Maps for Visualizing and Understanding Systematic Reviews

Aditi Mallavarapu, Rohan Khandare, Mokshagna Kadiyala, Neelesh Yaddanapudi, Noah L. Schroeder

arXiv (Cornell University)2026

Open Access

Interactive Evidence Maps for Visualizing and Understanding Systematic Reviews

Aditi Mallavarapu, Rohan Khandare, Mokshagna Kadiyala, Neelesh Yaddanapudi, Noah L. Schroeder

arXiv (Cornell University)2026

Open Access

Project Managers Facilitate Interdisciplinary Collaboration in AI Research

Kevin Dalmeijer, Tim Robinson, Darren Cambridge, Norman Gottron, Marisa LaFleur

SSRN Electronic Journal2026

Open Access

Learning About AI: A Systematic Review of Reviews on AI Literacy

Shan Zhang, P. Prasad, Noah L. Schroeder

Journal of Educational Computing Research2025

From Generative AI to Extended Reality: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on the Challenges, Opportunities, and Future of Educational Computing

Jordan Allison, Gwo‐Jen Hwang, Richard E. Mayer, Νικόλαος Πέλλας, Oscar Karnalim

Journal of Educational Computing Research2025

Open Access

Do Pedagogical Agents Enhance Student Motivation? Unraveling the Evidence Through Meta-Analysis

Jessica R. Gladstone, Noah L. Schroeder, Steffi Heidig, Shan Zhang, Chris Palaguachi

Educational Psychology Review2025

Open Access

Learning and Teaching with AI in STEM Education: An Umbrella Review

Shan Zhang, Chris Davis Jaldi, Noah L. Schroeder

2025

Open Access

Large Language Models with Human-In-The-Loop Validation for Systematic Review Data Extraction

Noah L. Schroeder, Chris Davis Jaldi, Shan Zhang

ArXiv.org2025

Open Access

The role of learner trust in generative artificially intelligent learning environments

Maria Goldshtein, Noah L. Schroeder, Erin K. Chiou

Journal of Engineering Education2025

Open Access

Measuring persistence and academic resilience of K−12 students: systematic review and operational definitions

Jesse R. Sparks, Blair Lehman, Jessica R. Gladstone, Shan Zhang, Noah L. Schroeder

Frontiers in Education2025

Open Access

VETTING AI for Deeper Learning: Constraining LLMs to Encourage Student Inquiry

Shan Zhang, Hongming Li, Seiyon M. Lee, Noah L. Schroeder, Anthony F. Botelho

Communications in computer and information science2025

How Virtual Agents Can Shape Human-Human Collaboration: A Systematic Review

Toni V. Earle-Randell, Shan Zhang, Noah L. Schroeder, Kristy Elizabeth Boyer, Emmanuel Dorley

Lecture notes in computer science2025

Virtual Characters Help K–12 Students Learn and Improve Motivation: A Meta-Analysis

Noah L. Schroeder, Shan Zhang, Chris Davis Jaldi, Jessica R. Gladstone, Alexis A. López

Review of Educational Research2025

Pedagogical agent design for K-12 education: A systematic review

Shan Zhang, Chris Davis Jaldi, Noah L. Schroeder, Alexis A. López, Jessica R. Gladstone

Computers & Education2024

Open Access

Designing and Learning With Pedagogical Agents: An Umbrella Review

Noah L. Schroeder, R. O. Davis, Eunbyul Yang

Journal of Educational Computing Research2024

Large language models for whole-learner support: opportunities and challenges

Amogh Mannekote, Adam Davies, Juan D. Pinto, Shan Zhang, Daniel Olds

Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence2024

Open Access

Education in the era of Neurosymbolic AI

Chris Davis Jaldi, Eleni Ilkou, Noah L. Schroeder, Cogan Shimizu

Journal of Web Semantics2024

Open Access

Pedagogical agents in K-12 education: a scoping review

Shan Zhang, Chris Davis Jaldi, Noah L. Schroeder, Jessica R. Gladstone

Journal of Research on Technology in Education2024

Learning about AI: A Systematic Review of Reviews on AI Literacy

Shan Zhang, Priyadharshini Ganapathy Prasad, Noah L. Schroeder

2024

Open Access

Semi-automating the Scoping Review Process: Is it Worthwhile? A Methodological Evaluation

Shan Zhang, Chris Palaguachi, Marcin Pitera, Chris Davis Jaldi, Noah L. Schroeder

Educational Psychology Review2024

Education in the Era of Neurosymbolic AI

Chris Davis Jaldi, Eleni Ilkou, Noah L. Schroeder, Cogan Shimizu

arXiv (Cornell University)2024

Open Access

Correction to: Semi-automating the Scoping Review Process: Is It Worthwhile? A Methodological Evaluation

Shan Zhang, Chris Palaguachi, Marcin Pitera, Chris Davis Jaldi, Noah L. Schroeder

Educational Psychology Review2024

Open Access

Measuring Skin Temperature as an Indicator for Cognitive Flow Using a Wrist-worn Wearable

William L. Romine, Tanvi Banerjee, Noah L. Schroeder

2024

Open Access

The instructor presence effect and its moderators in instructional video: A series of meta-analyses

Maik Beege, Noah L. Schroeder, Steffi Heidig, Günter Daniel Rey, Sascha Schneider

Educational Research Review2023

Open Access

Twenty-five Years of Learning with Pedagogical Agents: History, Barriers, and Opportunities

Robert F. Siegle, Noah L. Schroeder, H. Chad Lane, Scotty D. Craig

TechTrends2023

A meta-analysis on learning from 360° video

Noah L. Schroeder, Robert F. Siegle, Scotty D. Craig

Computers & Education2023

Trusting and Learning From Virtual Humans that Correct Common Misconceptions

Noah L. Schroeder, Erin K. Chiou, Robert F. Siegle, Scotty D. Craig

Journal of Educational Computing Research2023

A scoping review of wrist-worn wearables in education

Noah L. Schroeder, William L. Romine, S Kemp

Computers and Education Open2023

Open Access

A Preliminary Study of the Efficacy of Using a Wrist-Worn Multiparameter Sensor for the Prediction of Cognitive Flow States in University-Level Students

Josephine Graft, William L. Romine, Brooklynn Watts, Noah L. Schroeder, Tawsik Jawad

Sensors2023

Open Access

Improving Online learning ecosystems with Science of Learning Best Practices

Scotty D. Craig, Noah L. Schroeder

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting2023

Refutation Text Facilitates Learning: a Meta-Analysis of Between-Subjects Experiments

Noah L. Schroeder, Aurelia C. Kucera

Educational Psychology Review2022

Open Access

Toward Mental Effort Measurement Using Electrodermal Activity Features

William L. Romine, Noah L. Schroeder, Tanvi Banerjee, Josephine Graft

Sensors2022

Open Access

Pedagogical Agents

H. Chad Lane, Noah L. Schroeder

ACM eBooks2022

Lessons Learned from Online Learning at Scale: a Study of Exemplar Learning Organizations

Siyuan Li, Scotty D. Craig, Noah L. Schroeder

TechTrends2022

When Refutation and Deep Reasoning Questions Lose Their Edge: The Case of Short, Narrated Videos

Noah L. Schroeder, Robert F. Siegle, Vipin Verma, Scotty D. Craig

Journal of Educational Computing Research2022

Inconsistent interactions between the seductive details effect and ego depletion in multimedia learning

Zhe Wang, Noah L. Schroeder

Applied Cognitive Psychology2022

Erratum to <A Systematic review of instructor presence in instructional videos: Effects on learning and affect>

Marsha L. Henderson, Noah L. Schroeder

Computers and Education Open2022

Open Access

A Systematic review of instructor presence in instructional videos: Effects on learning and affect

Marsha L. Henderson, Noah L. Schroeder

Computers and Education Open2021

Open Access

Learning with virtual humans: Introduction to the special issue

Noah L. Schroeder, Scotty D. Craig

Journal of Research on Technology in Education2021

Open Access

Sensor-Based Prediction of Mental Effort during Learning from Physiological Data: A Longitudinal Case Study

Ankita Agarwal, Josephine Graft, Noah L. Schroeder, William L. Romine

Signals2021

Open Access

Scaling team training: Using virtual worlds to support learning in massive open online courses

Robert F. Siegle, Nancy J. Cooke, Noah L. Schroeder, Siyuan Li, Scotty D. Craig

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting2021

Open Access

Longitudinal Classification of Mental Effort Using Electrodermal Activity, Heart Rate, and Skin Temperature Data from a Wearable Sensor

William L. Romine, Noah L. Schroeder, Anjali Edwards, Tanvi Banerjee

Lecture notes in computer science2021

Open Access

Longitudinal Classification of Mental Effort Using Electrodermal Activity, Heart Rate, and Skin Temperature Data from a Wearable Sensor

William L. Romine, Noah L. Schroeder, Anjali Edwards, Tanvi Banerjee

2021

Open Access

Longitudinal Classification of Mental Effort Using Electrodermal Activity, Heart Rate, and Skin Temperature Data from a Wearable Sensor

William L. Romine, Noah L. Schroeder, Anjali Edwards, Tanvi Banerjee

2021

Open Access

Using Machine Learning to Train a Wearable Device for Measuring Students’ Cognitive Load during Problem-Solving Activities Based on Electrodermal Activity, Body Temperature, and Heart Rate: Development of a Cognitive Load Tracker for Both Personal and Classroom Use

William L. Romine, Noah L. Schroeder, Josephine Graft, Fan Yang, Reza Sadeghi

Sensors2020

Open Access

Trust influences perceptions of virtual humans, but not necessarily learning

Noah L. Schroeder, Erin K. Chiou, Scotty D. Craig

Computers & Education2020

Immersive Learning Environments at Scale: Constraints and Opportunities

Robert F. Siegle, Rod D. Roscoe, Noah L. Schroeder, Scotty D. Craig

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting2020

Science of Learning and Readiness (SoLaR) Recommendation Report: Science of Learning Practices for Distributed Online Environments

Scotty D. Craig, Noah L. Schroeder

2020

Open Access

Science of Learning and Readiness: State-of-the-Art Report

Scotty D. Craig, Noah L. Schroeder, Rod D. Roscoe, Nancy J. Cooke, Deborah Prewitt

2020

Building Assessment and Evaluation Capacity of Engineering Educators Through ASSESS

Jennifer LeBeau, Denny Davis, Noah L. Schroeder, Brian F. French, Shane Brown

2020

How we trust, perceive, and learn from virtual humans: The influence of voice quality

Erin K. Chiou, Noah L. Schroeder, Scotty D. Craig

Computers & Education2019

Do measures of cognitive load explain the spatial split-attention principle in multimedia learning environments? A systematic review.

Noah L. Schroeder, Ada T. Cenkci

Journal of Educational Psychology2019

The validity and utility of activity logs as a measure of student engagement

Benjamin Motz, Joshua Quick, Noah L. Schroeder, Jordon Zook, Matthew Gunkel

2019

The Impact of Virtual Human Voice on Learner Trust

Scotty D. Craig, Erin K. Chiou, Noah L. Schroeder

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting2019

Cross-cultural academic mentoring dyads: a case study

Amber J.S. Daniel, Suzanne Franco, Noah L. Schroeder, Ada T. Cenkci

Mentoring & Tutoring Partnership in Learning2019

Learner Control Aids Learning from Instructional Videos with a Virtual Human

Noah L. Schroeder, Joshua Chin, Scotty D. Craig

Technology Knowledge and Learning2019

Effective Grain-Size of Mastery-Style Online Homework Levels

Brianne Gutmann, Noah L. Schroeder, T. Stelzer

2019

Open Access

Spatial Contiguity and Spatial Split-Attention Effects in Multimedia Learning Environments: a Meta-Analysis

Noah L. Schroeder, Ada T. Cenkci

Educational Psychology Review2018

Text-to-Speech Software and Learning: Investigating the Relevancy of the Voice Effect

Scotty D. Craig, Noah L. Schroeder

Journal of Educational Computing Research2018

The influence of learners' perceptions of virtual humans on learning transfer

Noah L. Schroeder, Fan Yang, Tanvi Banerjee, William L. Romine, Scotty D. Craig

Computers & Education2018

Open Access

Design Principles for Virtual Humans in Educational Technology Environments

Scotty D. Craig, Noah L. Schroeder

2018

Investigation of a Stand-Alone Online Learning Module for Cellular Respiration Instruction

Eric E. Goff, Katie M. Reindl, Christina Johnson, Phillip E. McClean, Erika G. Offerdahl

Journal of Microbiology and Biology Education2018

Open Access

Pedagogical Agents for Learning

Noah L. Schroeder

IGI Global eBooks2018

Usability Assessment for Caregiver Behavior Analysis Using Gaming Technology

Alexandrea Oliver, Tanvi Banerjee, Jennifer Hughes, Noah L. Schroeder

Journal of Bioresource Management2018

Open Access

Studying and Constructing Concept Maps: a Meta-Analysis

Noah L. Schroeder, John C. Nesbit, Carlos Anguiano, Olusola Adesope

Educational Psychology Review2017

Reconsidering the voice effect when learning from a virtual human

Scotty D. Craig, Noah L. Schroeder

Computers & Education2017

Measuring pedagogical agent persona and the influence of agent persona on learning

Noah L. Schroeder, William L. Romine, Scotty D. Craig

Computers & Education2017

Humanizing Instructional Videos in Physics: When Less Is More

Noah L. Schroeder, Adrienne L. Traxler

Journal of Science Education and Technology2017

Efficacy of a Meiosis Learning Module Developed for the Virtual Cell Animation Collection

Eric E. Goff, Katie M. Reindl, Christina Johnson, Phillip E. McClean, Erika G. Offerdahl

CBE—Life Sciences Education2017

Open Access

The Influence of a Pedagogical Agent on Learners' Cognitive Load.

Noah L. Schroeder

Educational Technology & Society2017

Open Access

Strategies for Designing Engaging Online Kinesiology Courses Based on the Community of Inquiry Model

Bethany L. Hersman, Noah L. Schroeder

Quest2017

The Effect of Pacing on Learners’ Perceptions of Pedagogical Agents

Noah L. Schroeder, Scotty D. Craig

Journal of Educational Computing Research2017

Learning about Chemiosmosis and ATP Synthesis with Animations Outside of the Classroom

Eric E. Goff, Katie M. Reindl, Christina Johnson, Phillip E. McClean, Erika G. Offerdahl

Journal of Microbiology and Biology Education2017

Open Access

Development of an Educational Video Game That Can Be Modified by End-Users

Noah L. Schroeder, Alexandrea Oliver, Kenneth Deffet, James Morgan

Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series2017

Mastery Based Homework in Introductory Physics at the University of Illinois

T. Stelzer, Brianne Gutmann, G. Gladding, Morten Lundsgaard, Noah L. Schroeder

Bulletin of the American Physical Society2017

A Preliminary Investigation of the Influences of Refutation Text and Instructional Design

Noah L. Schroeder

Technology Knowledge and Learning2016

Variation in external representations as part of the classroom lecture:An investigation of virtual cell animations in introductory photosynthesis instruction*

Eric E. Goff, Katie M. Reindl, Christina Johnson, Phillip E. McClean, Erika G. Offerdahl

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education2016

Open Access

Pedagogical Agents for Learning

Noah L. Schroeder

Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series2016

Mastery inspired activities to help at risk students

T. Stelzer, G. Gladding, Brianne Gutmann, Morten Lundsgaard, Noah L. Schroeder

Bulletin of the American Physical Society2016

Persisting Issues in Pedagogical Agent Research

Noah L. Schroeder, Chad M. Gotch

Journal of Educational Computing Research2015

Clinical study of student learning using mastery style versus immediate feedback online activities

G. Gladding, Brianne Gutmann, Noah L. Schroeder, T. Stelzer

Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research2015

Open Access

Impacts of Pedagogical Agent Gender in an Accessible Learning Environment.

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

Educational Technology & Society2015

Open Access

Narrated animated solution videos in a mastery setting

Noah L. Schroeder, G. Gladding, Brianne Gutmann, T. Stelzer

Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research2015

Open Access

A Systematic Review of Pedagogical Agents’ Persona, Motivation, and Cognitive Load Implications for Learners

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

Journal of Research on Technology in Education2014

How Effective are Pedagogical Agents for Learning? A Meta-Analytic Review

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope, Rachel Barouch Gilbert

Journal of Educational Computing Research2013

Efficacy beliefs, job satisfaction, stress and their influence on the occupational commitment of English-medium content teachers in the Dominican Republic

Rachel Barouch Gilbert, Olusola Adesope, Noah L. Schroeder

Educational Psychology2013

A Case for the use of Pedagogical Agents in Online Learning Environments

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

Indiana Magazine of History (Indiana University)2013

Open Access

How does a contextually-relevant peer pedagogical agent in a learner-attenuated system-paced learning environment affect cognitive and affective outcomes?

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

Indiana Magazine of History (Indiana University)2013

Open Access

Exploring pedagogical agent use within learner-attenuated system-paced learning environments

Noah L. Schroeder

Research Exchange (Washington State University)2013

Open Access

Do 3D Pedagogical Agents Help Students Learn Science?

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

Advances in early childhood and K-12 education2013

Does a Pedagogical Agent’s Gender Impact Learner’s Perceptive Responses in a Learner-Attenuated System-Paced Learning Environment?

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education2013

Does a Pedagogical Agent Facilitate Learning in a Learner-Attenuated System-Paced Learning Environment?

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education2013

Concept Maps as Tools for Learning Scientific Language

Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series2012

Pedagogical Agents and Learning: Are They Worth the Cost?

Noah L. Schroeder, Rachel Barouch Gilbert, Olusola Adesope

E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education2011

Concept Maps as Metacognitive Instructional Tools for English Language Learners

Rachel Barouch Gilbert, Noah L. Schroeder, Olusola Adesope

E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education2011

From the Editors

Michele Acker‐Hocevar, Gail C. Furman, Gordon S. Gates, Kristin Shawn Huggins, Noah L. Schroeder

Journal of Research on Leadership Education2011

Open Access